Why was it called D-Day?

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D dayOn the morning of June 6, 1944, Allied forces staged an enormous assault on German positions on the beaches of Normandy, France. The ____________________ (1 INVADE) is often known by the famous nickname “D-Day,” yet few people know the origin of the term or what, if anything, the “D” stood for. Most argue it was ____________________ (2 MERE) a redundancy that also meant “day,” but others have proposed everything from “departure” to “decision” to “doomsday.”
According to the U.S. military, “D-Day” was an Army designation used to indicate the start date for specific field ____________________ (3 OPERATE). In this case, the “D” in D-Day doesn’t actually stand for anything—it’s an alliterative placeholder used to designate a particular day on the calendar. The military also employed the term “H-Hour” to refer to the time on D-Day when the action would begin. This shorthand helped prevent actual mission dates from falling into enemy hands, but it also proved ____________________ (4 HAND) when the start date for an attack was still undecided. Military planners also used a system of pluses and minuses to designate any time or day occurring before or after D-Day or H-Hour. For example, D+2 meant two days after D-Day, while H-1 referred to one hour before H-Hour. These terms allowed units to ____________________ (5 EFFECTIVE) coordinate their actions ahead of time even when they didn’t know their exact start date, and they also provided ____________________ (6 FLEXIBLE) in the event that the launch day shifted.
Use of these terms stretches back to World War I. One American field order from September 1918 noted, “The First Army will attack at H-Hour on D-Day with the object of forcing the evacuation of the St. Mihiel salient.” Other nations had their own shorthand. In World War I, the ____________________ (7 FRANCE) used the code date “J-Jour,” while the ____________________ (8 BRITAIN) called their operation start days “Z-Day” and “Zero Hour.”

(Adapted from history.com on 3 June 2014)

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